Earth & Space Science

Earth & Space Science

About This Project
Ch 1 – Our Place in the Universe
Ch 2 – Understanding the Sky
Ch 3 – How Science Discovered the Earth
Chapter 4 – Planet Earth
Chapter 5 – Earth Through Time
Chapter 6 – Air and Water
Chapter 7 – Human Impact on the Climate

Teachers — We need your feedback! This free, online textbook is an experimental project (see About this Project), and we need to hear from you about whether you believe it is worth our continued time and expense to keep the project going. Please tell us what you think of it, how it works with your students, whether you think it is worth continuing, and if so, what we can do to improve it. You may email any and all feedback directly to lead author Jeff Bennett, jeff@bigkidscience.com. Note: This project is being funded by the lead author. Your purchases of Dr. Bennett’s books on the Big Kid Science site therefore help to support this project.

2.1 Review

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1. Question
1. What do astronomers mean by a constellation?
- A. a group of stars related through an ancient story
- B. any random grouping of stars in the sky
- C. a region of the sky as seen from Earth, marked by some identifiable star pattern
- D. a region of space that is located at a particular distance from Earth
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Question 2 of 5

2. Question
2. A "celestial object" is an object that is _________.
- A. Far from Earth compared to Earth’s size
- B. In Earth’s atmosphere
- C. Visible in the local sky
- D. Located on Earth’s surface
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Question 3 of 5

3. Question
3. What do we mean when we talk about the Milky Way as seen in our sky?
- A. The spiral-shaped galaxy in which we live.
- B. The patchy band of light that we see when looking into the disk of our Milky Way Galaxy.
- C. The set of constellations that lie along the ecliptic in our sky.
- D. The brightest and “milkiest” set of stars that we see in the night sky.
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Question 4 of 5

4. Question
4. What is the Southern Cross?
- A. A constellation made up of the four brightest stars in the night sky.
- B. An ancient structure located in Australia.
- C. The pattern of stars in the night sky that can be used to find Polaris.
- D. The pattern of stars in the night sky that can be used to help find the south celestial pole.
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Question 5 of 5

5. Question

5. Matching: Drag each term to the statement that best defines it.

Sort elements

Horizon
Ecliptic
Zenith
North Celestial Pole
South Celestial Pole
Celestial Equator
Meridian

A. Appears to separate the landscape from the local sky

B. The path that the Sun appears to follow around the celestial sphere each year

C. The point in your local sky that is directly over your head

D. The point on the celestial sphere that would be directly over the head of a person at the North Pole

E. The point on the celestial sphere around which stars appear to circle for people in the Southern Hemisphere

F. A circle that represents an extension of Earth’s equator into space

G. A half-circle in the local sky that goes from due south, through the zenith, to due north

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Short Essay Response

Type your answers in the box provided then print the page or take a screenshot and print OR email to your teacher.

1. What do we mean when we say that the celestial sphere is a model? Describe at least one thing that this model is useful for, and at least one way in which it clearly differs from reality.
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1. Question
Look back at the Learning Goal questions at the beginning of this section. For each of those questions, write the question followed by a few sentences that briefly summarize the answer to it.
- This response will be reviewed and graded after submission.
Grading can be reviewed and adjusted.

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